As children return to school, two subjects dominate their parents' minds: the impact of social media and the internet on children's lives.
According to the University of Michigan Health C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, more than half of parents identify mental health issues as their top health worry for their children and teens.
Overall, mental health and technology use topped this year's top ten list of parent worries about health-related issues for children in the United States, surpassing childhood obesity, which parents considered as the top children's health issue a decade earlier.
“Parents still view problems directly impacting physical health, including unhealthy eating and obesity, as important children’s health issues. But these have been overtaken by concerns about mental health, social media and screen time,” said Mott Poll co-director and Mott pediatrician Susan Woolford, M.D., M.P.H.
Two-thirds of parents are worried about children’s increased time on devices, including overall screen time and use of social media, taking the No.1 and No.2 spots on the list of children’s health concerns this year, according to the nationally representative poll.
“Children are using digital devices and social media at younger ages, and parents may struggle with how to appropriately monitor use to prevent negative impacts on safety, self-esteem, social connections and habits that may interfere with sleep and other areas of health,” Woolford said.
Screen time became a growing concern for parents during the pandemic, previous reports suggest. Woolford encourages parents to regularly evaluate their children’s use of technology and consider limiting use if they notice signs of unhealthy interactions or behaviours. Certain social media and device settings can also help protect kids.
Mental, and emotional health concerns are top of mind
The poll findings, which are based on 2,099 responses collected in February, also demonstrate parents’ continued concern about children’s mental health. The majority of parents view depression, suicide, stress, anxiety, and related topics like bullying as big problems.
And nearly half of parents expressed concern about a lack of mental health services. “The mismatch between the growing number of youth with mental health concerns and the limited access to mental health services has serious implications for children’s well-being,” Woolford said.
Parents also shared a high level of concern about school violence, which may reflect direct experience with school shootings or fights as well as media coverage about such events, Woolford said.
She added that changes to the school environment, such as metal detectors, armed guards and locked doors, as well as active shooter drills may remind children and parents about the potential for school violence. Parents may struggle with how to manage their own stress and anxiety while they try to reassure their children.“Parents may want to talk with their child periodically about how safe they feel at school and what they’ve heard about violent incidents,” Woolford said.
“They should tailor the information to their child’s age and avoid sharing graphic details while offering reassurance about safety measures that their school has in place.”Parents in low-income households were more likely to view several children’s health issues as a major concern, including depression and suicide, bullying, school violence, unsafe neighbourhoods, drinking and drugs, smoking and vaping, teen pregnancy and sexual activity, child abuse and neglect, parental stress, discrimination, COVID, and health risks from pollution.
Meanwhile, parents in middle and high-income homes are more likely to rate overuse of devices and social media as significant problems.
“Differences in how parents view children’s health problems may reflect their day-to-day experiences dealing with environmental challenges such as unsafe neighbourhoods, as well as discrimination that may be more frequently experienced by children from low-income homes,” Woolford said.
Concern about a greater number of child health issues may be reflected in this group’s higher reports of parental stress as a big problem, Woolford added. But parents across income groups rated other topics similarly, including unhealthy diet, obesity, healthcare costs, and lack of mental health services.
Falling just outside the top 10 children’s health concerns are obesity (48 per cent), guns/gun injuries (47 per cent), lack of mental health services (47 per cent), poverty (45 per cent), drinking/using drugs (44 per cent), child abuse/neglect (42 per cent), followed by unequal access to health care (35 per cent), parental stress (35 per cent), inaccurate/misleading health information (31 per cent), teen pregnancy/sexual activity (31 per cent), discrimination (31 per cent), unsafe neighbourhoods (30 per cent), gay/gender issues (LGBTQ) (29 per cent), and health risks from polluted water and air (23 per cent).At the bottom of the list: the safety of vaccines (16 per cent), over-involved parents/parents doing too much (13 per cent) and COVID (12 per cent).
“Today’s school-aged children have experienced dramatic shifts in classroom environments, technology norms and increased mental health challenges,” Woolford said.“Parents should partner with schools, mentors and their child’s healthcare providers to address both ongoing and emerging health concerns. They should also regularly revisit conversations with their children and teens that encourage them to share any concerns they might be experiencing, both physically and emotionally.”
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